关于1778年5月18日的百伦山之战史料
犹豫再三还是把史料原文放上来了，虽然有志于美国史研究，但我的英文水平确实不高，翻译这种事情还是有道为主，我为辅orz
不过通过字里行间，我还是能感觉出那种关切，这种关切不止是关于前往百伦山要执行的任务，而是针对拉法耶特这个人。尤其是在本文的第三段，这种感情我认为表现得尤其明显，真的是反复嘱托他不要冒险，不要冒险。
总之父子情深这种戏码我真的太喜欢了qwq
From George Washington to Major General Lafayette, 18 May 1778
To Major General Lafayette
[Valley Forge, 18 May 1778]
Sir,
The detachment under your command with which you will immediately march towards the enemy’s lines is designed to answer the following purposes—to be a security to this camp and a cover to the country between the Delaware and Schuylkil—to interrupt the communication with Philadelphia—obstruct the incursions of the enemies parties, and obtain intelligence of their motions and designs. This last is a matter of very interesting moment, and ought to claim your particular attention. You will endeavour to procure trusty and intelligent spies, who will advise you faithfully of whatever may be passing in the city; and you will without delay communicate to me every piece of material information you obtain.
目的：确保营地安全，保护特拉华河和斯库尔斯基尔河之间村庄的安全；打断敌军与费城间的联系；阻止敌人的入侵；从敌人的谋划中获取情报（需要特别注意）。
A variety of concurring accounts make it probable the enemy are preparing to evacuate Philadelphia. This is a point, which it is of the utmost importance to ascertain; and if possible the place of their future destination. Should you be able to gain certain intelligence of the time of intended embarkation; so that you may be able to take advantage of it, and fall upon the rear of the enemy in the act of withdrawing, it will be a very desireable event. But this will be a matter of no small difficulty, and will require the greatest caution and prudence in the execution. Any deception or precipitation may be attended with the most disastrous consequences.
必须把敌人要撤离费城这条情报的可靠性查明，如果可以，建议能得到敌人撤离的准确行程，以从后方进攻敌人。
You will remember that your detachment is a very valuable one, and that any accident happening to it would be a severe blow to this army. You will therefore use every possible precaution for its security, and to guard against a surprise. No attempt should be made nor any thing risked without the greatest prospect of success, and with every reasonable advantage on your side. I shall not point out any precise position to you; but shall leave it to your discretion to take such posts occasionally as shall appear to you best adapted to the purposes of your detachment. In general I would observe that a stationary post is unadviseable, as it gives the enemy an opportunity of knowing your situation and concerting successfully against you. In case of any offensive movement against this army, you will keep yourself in such a state as to have an easy communication with it and at the same time harrass the enemy’s advance.
你带领的军队很重要，所以不要鲁莽。注意据点一定要流动，否则会被敌人发现。如果有危险你要时刻与据点保持联系，并且扰乱敌军的行进。
Our parties of horse and foot between the rivers are to be under your command and to form part of your detachment.
两河之间的骑兵步兵听你调遣。
As great complaints have been made of the disorderly conduct of the parties which have been sent towards the enemy’s lines, it is expected that you will be very attentive in preventing abuses of the like nature and will inquire how far complaints already made are founded injustice. Given under my hand at Head Quarters this 18th day of May 1778.
前线士兵无序，注意约束。（？）
“From George Washington to Major General Lafayette, 18 May 1778,” Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Washington/03-15-02-0152. [Original source: The Papers of George Washington, Revolutionary War Series, vol. 15, May–June 1778, ed. Edward G. Lengel. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2006, pp. 151–154.]
